Merge pr !950

Updates and additions to MRL section

See merge request monero-project/monero-site!950

_i18n/ar.yml

@@ -460,8 +460,14 @@ research-lab:
   mrl4_abstract: قد حددنا العديد من هجمات التحليل المتاحه ضد بروتوكول كريبتونوت (CryptoNote 2.0) التي تهدف إضعاف عدم إمكانيه التتبع.نقوم بتحليل الحلول الممكنه, ومناقشه مزاياها وعيوبها, ونوصي بالتحسينات اللازمه لبروتوكول مونيرو التي ستقوم بمقاومه تتبع سلسله الكتل علي المدي الطويل. تشمل هذه التحسينات علي مستوي البروتوكول والشبكه أقل عدد لدمج توقيعات-الطوق (n = 2) , علي مستوي البروتوكول رفع هذه القيمه بعد سنتين إلي ( n = 4 ) , وعلي مستوي المحفظه (n = 4) في هذه الأثناء. ننصح أيضاً بنظام الند إلي الند في إرسال مخرجات معامله مونيرو. نناقش أيضاً طريقه إختيار غير موحده تعتمد علي العمر للتخفيف من هجمات تحليل سلسله الكتل الذي تم تحديده هنا. ولكننا لا نقدم أي توصيات رسميه بشأن دمجها لمجموعه متنوعه من الأسباب. ونناقش أيضاً بالتفصيل الأثار المترتبه علي هذه التحسينات. هذا البحث لم يتم مراجعته ولا يعكس سوي نتائج التحقيق الداخلي.
   mrl5: المعاملات السريه لتوقيعات الطوق
   mrl5_abstract: يُقدم هذا المقال طريقه إخفاء كميه المعاملات في العمله الرقميه اللامركزيه مونيرو . كالبتكوين تعتمد عمله مونيرو علي التوزيع من خلال عمليه إثبات-العمل (التعدين). بروتوكول مونيرو الأساسي مبني علي CryptoNote والذي يستهدم توقعيات-الطوق و مفاتيح المره الواحده لإخفاء واجهه و مصدر المعاملات. مؤخراً, تم مناقشه ودمج أسلوب إخفاء المعاملات بواسطه مُطور البتكوين جورج ماكسويل. في هذا المقال يتم وصف نوع جديد من نظام توقيعات-الطوق وهو توقيع مجهول متعدد الطبقات ويسمح بإخفاء مبلغ المعاملات ومصدرها ووِجهتها بكافئه معقوله . بعض ملحقات البروتوكول متوفره مثال (Aggregate Schnorr Range Proofs) و توقيعات-الطوق المزدوجه (Ring Multisignature).يود الكاتب ذكر أن  المسودات المبكره لهذا تم نشرها علي قناه مونيرو والبتكوين عبر ال IRC . تم تسجيل المسودات بسلسله الكتل [14] توضح أنه قد بدأ العمل في صيف 2015 وإكتمل في أوائل شهر أكتوبر 2015 كما تتوفر نسخه إلكترونيه في http://eprint.iacr.org/2015/1098.
-  mrl6: Subadresses
+  mrl6: An Efficient Implementation of Monero Subadresses
   mrl6_abstract: Users of the Monero cryptocurrency who wish to reuse wallet addresses in an unlinkable way must maintain separate wallets, which necessitates scanning incoming transactions for each one. We document a new address scheme that allows a user to maintain a single master wallet address and generate an arbitary number of unlinkable subaddresses. Each transaction needs to be scanned only once to determine if it is destinated for any of the user’s subaddresses. The scheme additionally supports multiple outputs to other subaddresses, and is as efficient as traditional wallet transactions.
+  mrl7: Sets of Spent Outputs
+  mrl7_abstract: This technical note generalizes the concept of spend outputs using basic set theory. The definition captures a variety of earlier work on identifying such outputs. We quantify the effects of this analysis on the Monero blockchain and give a brief overview of mitigations.
+  mrl8: Dual Linkable Ring Signatures
+  mrl8_abstract: This bulletin describes a modification to Monero's linkable ring signature scheme that permits dual-key outputs as ring members. Key images are tied to both output one-time public keys in a dual, preventing both keys in that transaction from being spent separately. This method has applications to non-interactive refund transactions. We discuss the security implications of the scheme.
+  mrl9: Thring Signatures and their Applications to Spender-Ambiguous Digital Currencies
+  mrl9_abstract: We present threshold ring multi-signatures (\textit{thring signatures}) for collaborative computation of ring signatures, present a game of existential forgery for thring signatures, and discuss uses of thring signatures in digital currencies that include spender-ambiguous cross-chain atomic swaps for confidential amounts without a trusted setup. We present an implementation of thring signatures that we call linkable spontaneous threshold anonymous group signatures, and prove the implementation existentially unforgeable.
   cryptonote: الورقه البيضاء لكريبتونوت (CryptoNote)
   cryptonote-whitepaper: الورقه البيضاء لكريبتونوت (CryptoNote)
   cryptonote-whitepaper_para: هذه هي الورقه الرسميه لكريبتونوت المكتوبه بواسطه فريق كريبتونوت. قرائتها سوف يعطيك فِهماً حول آليه عمل خوارزميه كريبتونوت في العموم.

_i18n/en.yml

@@ -460,8 +460,14 @@ research-lab:
   mrl4_abstract: We identify several blockchain analysis attacks available to degrade the untraceability of the CryptoNote 2.0 protocol. We analyze possible solutions, discuss the relative merits and drawbacks to those solutions, and recommend improvements to the Monero protocol that will hopefully provide long-term resistance of the cryptocurrency against blockchain analysis. Our recommended improvements to Monero include a protocol-level network-wide minimum mix-in policy of n = 2 foreign outputs per ring signature, a protocol-level increase of this value to n = 4 after two years, and a wallet-level default value of n = 4 in the interim. We also recommend a torrent-style method of sending Monero output. We also discuss a non-uniform, age-dependent mix-in selection method to mitigate the other forms of blockchain analysis identified herein, but we make no formal recommendations on implementation for a variety of reasons. The ramifications following these improvements are also discussed in some detail. This research bulletin has not undergone peer review, and reflects only the results of internal investigation.
   mrl5: Ring Signature Confidential Transactions
   mrl5_abstract: This article introduces a method of hiding transaction amounts in the strongly decentralized anonymous cryptocurrency Monero. Similar to Bitcoin, Monero is a cryptocurrency which is distributed through a proof of work “mining” process. The original Monero protocol was based on CryptoNote, which uses ring signatures and one-time keys to hide the destination and origin of transactions. Recently the technique of using a commitment scheme to hide the amount of a transaction has been discussed and implemented by Bitcoin Core Developer Gregory Maxwell. In this article, a new type of ring signature, A Multi-layered Linkable Spontaneous Anonymous Group signature is described which allows for hidden amounts, origins and destinations of transactions with reasonable efficiency and verifiable, trustless coin generation. Some extensions of the protocol are provided, such as Aggregate Schnorr Range Proofs, and Ring Multisignature. The author would like to note that early drafts of this were publicized in the Monero Community and on the bitcoin research irc channel. Blockchain hashed drafts are available in [14] showing that this work was started in Summer 2015, and completed in early October 2015. An eprint is also available at http://eprint.iacr.org/2015/1098.
-  mrl6: Subadresses
+  mrl6: An Efficient Implementation of Monero Subadresses
   mrl6_abstract: Users of the Monero cryptocurrency who wish to reuse wallet addresses in an unlinkable way must maintain separate wallets, which necessitates scanning incoming transactions for each one. We document a new address scheme that allows a user to maintain a single master wallet address and generate an arbitary number of unlinkable subaddresses. Each transaction needs to be scanned only once to determine if it is destinated for any of the user’s subaddresses. The scheme additionally supports multiple outputs to other subaddresses, and is as efficient as traditional wallet transactions.
+  mrl7: Sets of Spent Outputs
+  mrl7_abstract: This technical note generalizes the concept of spend outputs using basic set theory. The definition captures a variety of earlier work on identifying such outputs. We quantify the effects of this analysis on the Monero blockchain and give a brief overview of mitigations.
+  mrl8: Dual Linkable Ring Signatures
+  mrl8_abstract: This bulletin describes a modification to Monero's linkable ring signature scheme that permits dual-key outputs as ring members. Key images are tied to both output one-time public keys in a dual, preventing both keys in that transaction from being spent separately. This method has applications to non-interactive refund transactions. We discuss the security implications of the scheme.
+  mrl9: Thring Signatures and their Applications to Spender-Ambiguous Digital Currencies
+  mrl9_abstract: We present threshold ring multi-signatures (\textit{thring signatures}) for collaborative computation of ring signatures, present a game of existential forgery for thring signatures, and discuss uses of thring signatures in digital currencies that include spender-ambiguous cross-chain atomic swaps for confidential amounts without a trusted setup. We present an implementation of thring signatures that we call linkable spontaneous threshold anonymous group signatures, and prove the implementation existentially unforgeable.
   cryptonote: Cryptonote Whitepapers
   cryptonote-whitepaper: Cryptonote Whitepaper
   cryptonote-whitepaper_para: This is the original cryptonote paper written by the cryptonote team. Reading it will give an understanding about how the cryptonote algorithm works in general.

_i18n/es.yml

@@ -460,8 +460,14 @@ research-lab:
   mrl4_abstract: Hemos identificado considerables ataques de identificación en la blockchain para degradar la imposibilidad de rastreo del protocolo 2.0 de CryptoNote. Analizamos posibles soluciones discutiendo sus méritos e inconvenientes, y recomendamos mejoras al protocolo de Monero que con suerte proveerán resistencia a largo plazo en la criptomoneda para identificación de la blockchain. Nuestras mejoras sugeridas a Monero incluyen una política mixta del nivel de protocolo mínimo en toda la red de n = 2 salidas por firma circular, un aumento en el nivel de protocolo de este valor a n = 4 después de dos años, y un valor del nivel de monedero de n = 4 por defecto de manera provisional. También recomendamos un método de envío de Monero estilo torrent. Además, discutimos un método de mezclado no uniforme y dependiente del tiempo para mitigar las demás formas de identificación de blockchain utilizadas, pero no realizamos recomendaciones formales para implementaciones debido a varias razones. Las ramificaciones resultantes de estas mejoras también son discutidas en detalle. Este boletín de investigación no ha sido revisado más de una vez, y refleja sólo los resultados de investigación interna.
   mrl5: Transaciones confidenciales de firmas circulares
   mrl5_abstract: Este artículo presenta un método para ocultar la cantidad en una transacción en la criptomoneda descentralizada y anónima Monero. Similar a Bitcoin, Monero es una criptomoneda que se distribuye a través del minado por prueba-de-trabajo. El protocolo original de Monero estuvo basado en CryptoNote, que utiliza firmas circulares y llaves de un solo uso para ocultar el origen y destino de sus transacciones. Recientemente, la técnica de utilizar un esquema de compromiso para ocultar la cantidad de una transacción ha sido discutida e implementada por el desarrollador del equipo central de Bitcoin, Gregory Maxwell. En este artículo, un nuevo tipo de firma circular, de grupo de enlace multicapa espontánea anónima, es descrita en la forma en que se utiliza para ocultar cantidades, orígenes y destinos en transacciones con buena eficiencia y verificabilidad, con una generación de monedas sin dependencia. Algunas extensiones del protocolo de transacciones son provistas, tales como pruebas agregadas del rango Schnorr (Aggregate Schnorr Range Proofs), y multi-firmas circulares (Ring Multisignature). El autor quisiera que se tenga en cuenta que borradores previos de esto fueron publicitados en la Comunidad de Monero y en canal de investigación de Bitcoin en IRC. Borradores de hash de la Blockchain están disponibles en [14] mostrando que este trabajo empezó en el verano del 2015, y completado en octubre del mismo año. Una impresión digital está disponible en http://eprint.iacr.org/2015/1098.
-  mrl6: Subdirecciones
+  mrl6: An Efficient Implementation of Monero Subadresses
   mrl6_abstract: Usuarios de la criptomoneda Monero que desean reutilizar direcciones del monedero de una forma separada deben mantener monederos separados, lo que necesita escanear transacciones de entrada para cada uno. Documentamos un nuevo esquema de direcciones que permite al usuario mantener una simple dirección de monedero maestra y generar un número arbitrario de subdirecciones desvinculables. Cada transacción necesita ser escaneada sólo una vez para determinar si está destinada para cualquiera de las subdirecciones del usuario. El esquema soporta adicionalmente múltiples salidas a otras subdirecciones, y es tan eficiente como las transacciones tradicionales de un monedero.
+  mrl7: Sets of Spent Outputs
+  mrl7_abstract: This technical note generalizes the concept of spend outputs using basic set theory. The definition captures a variety of earlier work on identifying such outputs. We quantify the effects of this analysis on the Monero blockchain and give a brief overview of mitigations.
+  mrl8: Dual Linkable Ring Signatures
+  mrl8_abstract: This bulletin describes a modification to Monero's linkable ring signature scheme that permits dual-key outputs as ring members. Key images are tied to both output one-time public keys in a dual, preventing both keys in that transaction from being spent separately. This method has applications to non-interactive refund transactions. We discuss the security implications of the scheme.
+  mrl9: Thring Signatures and their Applications to Spender-Ambiguous Digital Currencies
+  mrl9_abstract: We present threshold ring multi-signatures (\textit{thring signatures}) for collaborative computation of ring signatures, present a game of existential forgery for thring signatures, and discuss uses of thring signatures in digital currencies that include spender-ambiguous cross-chain atomic swaps for confidential amounts without a trusted setup. We present an implementation of thring signatures that we call linkable spontaneous threshold anonymous group signatures, and prove the implementation existentially unforgeable.
   cryptonote: Libros Blancos de Cryptonote
   cryptonote-whitepaper: Libro Blanco de Cryptonote
   cryptonote-whitepaper_para: Este es el libro blanco original de CryptoNote escrito por el equipo de CryptoNote. Leerlo dará un entendimiento acerca de cómo funciona el algoritmo CryptoNote en general.

_i18n/fr.yml

@@ -462,8 +462,14 @@ research-lab:
   mrl4_abstract: Nous avons identifier plusieurs attaques d'analyse de la chaîne de blocs pouvant dégrader l'intraçabilité du protocol CryptoNote 2.0. Nous analysons de possibles solutions, discutons de leurs avantages et inconvénients et recommandons des améliorations du protocole Monero qui devraient fournir une résistance à l'analyse de la chaîne de blocs de la cryptomonnaie sur le long terme. Nos recommandations d'améliorations incluent une politique minimale protocolaire de mixage des entrées minimale de n = 2 sortie distantes par signature de cercle, une augmentation protocolaire de cette valeur à n = 4 au bout de deux ans et une valeur par défaut dans le portefeuille à n = 4 dans l'intervalle. Nous recommandons également une méthode d'émission des sorties Monero "à la torrent". Nous discutons aussi d'une méthode de sélection du mixage des entrées non-uniforme et dépendante du temps pour atténuer les autres formes d'analyse de la chaîne de blocs identifiés ici, mais nous ne faisons aucune recommandations formelles de son implémentation pour diverses raisons. Nous y détaillons par ailleurs les répercussions découlant de ces améliorations. Ce bulletin de recherche n'a pas fait l'objet d'un examen par des tiers, et ne reflète que les résultats d'investigations internes.
   mrl5: Transactions Confidentielles à Signatures de Cercle
   mrl5_abstract: Cet article présente une méthode de masquage du montant des transactions dans la cryptomonnaie anonyme fortement décentralisée Monero. De la même manière que Bitcoin, Monero est une cryptomonnaie basée sur un processus "d'extraction minière" basé sur une preuve de travail. Le protocole originel de Monero était basé sur CryptoNote , qui utilise les signatures de cercle et des clefs à usage unique pour masquer l'origine et la destination des transactions. Récemment, une technique utilisant un mécanisme déterministe pour masquer le montant d'une transaction a été étudié et implémenté par Gregory Maxwell, l'un des développeur principaux de Bitcoin. Dans cette article, nous exposons un nouveau type de signatures de cercle, une Signature de Groupe Associable Anonyme et Spontané à Plusieurs Niveaux permettant de masquer les montants, les origines et les destinations des transactions avec une efficacité raisonnable et une génération de pièces de monnaie vérifiable et fiable. Quelques extensions protocolaires sont fournies, telles que la preuve à divulgation nulle de connaissance de Schnorr, et les multi-signatures de cercle. L'auteur voudrait faire remarquer que les premières ébauches ont été publiées dans la communauté Monero et sur le canal IRC de recherche bitcoin. Des brouillons de chaîne de blocs sont disponibles dans [14], montrant que ce travail a débuté à l'été 2015 et s'est achevé début octobre 2015. Une impression électronique est également disponible sur http://eprint.iacr.org/2015/1098.
-  mrl6: Sous-adresses
+  mrl6: An Efficient Implementation of Monero Subadresses
   mrl6_abstract: Les Utilisateurs de la cryptomonnaie Monero qui souhaitent réutiliser des adresses de portefeuille d'une manière non connectable doivent maintenir des portefeuilles séparés, ce qui nécessite de scanner les transactions entrante pour chacun. Nous avons documenté un nouveau schéma d'adresses qui permet à un utilisateur de maintenir une seule adresse de portefeuille et de générer un nombre arbitraire de sous-adresses non connectables. Chaque transaction n'a besoin d'être scannée qu'une seule fois pour déterminer si la destination appartient à une quelconque sous-adresse de l'utilisateur. Le schéma supporte également des sorties multiples vers d'autres sous-adresses et est aussi efficace que les transactions traditionnelles de portefeuille.
+  mrl7: Sets of Spent Outputs
+  mrl7_abstract: This technical note generalizes the concept of spend outputs using basic set theory. The definition captures a variety of earlier work on identifying such outputs. We quantify the effects of this analysis on the Monero blockchain and give a brief overview of mitigations.
+  mrl8: Dual Linkable Ring Signatures
+  mrl8_abstract: This bulletin describes a modification to Monero's linkable ring signature scheme that permits dual-key outputs as ring members. Key images are tied to both output one-time public keys in a dual, preventing both keys in that transaction from being spent separately. This method has applications to non-interactive refund transactions. We discuss the security implications of the scheme.
+  mrl9: Thring Signatures and their Applications to Spender-Ambiguous Digital Currencies
+  mrl9_abstract: We present threshold ring multi-signatures (\textit{thring signatures}) for collaborative computation of ring signatures, present a game of existential forgery for thring signatures, and discuss uses of thring signatures in digital currencies that include spender-ambiguous cross-chain atomic swaps for confidential amounts without a trusted setup. We present an implementation of thring signatures that we call linkable spontaneous threshold anonymous group signatures, and prove the implementation existentially unforgeable.
   cryptonote: Livres Blancs CryptoNote
   cryptonote-whitepaper: Livre Blanc Cryptonote
   cryptonote-whitepaper_para: Voici le document originel de CryptoNote écrit par l'équipe CryptoNote. En le lisant, vous comprendrez comment l'algorithme CryptoNote fonctionne d'une manière générale.

_i18n/it.yml

@@ -460,8 +460,14 @@ research-lab:
   mrl4_abstract: We identify several blockchain analysis attacks available to degrade the untraceability of the CryptoNote 2.0 protocol. We analyze possible solutions, discuss the relative merits and drawbacks to those solutions, and recommend improvements to the Monero protocol that will hopefully provide long-term resistance of the cryptocurrency against blockchain analysis. Our recommended improvements to Monero include a protocol-level network-wide minimum mix-in policy of n = 2 foreign outputs per ring signature, a protocol-level increase of this value to n = 4 after two years, and a wallet-level default value of n = 4 in the interim. We also recommend a torrent-style method of sending Monero output. We also discuss a non-uniform, age-dependent mix-in selection method to mitigate the other forms of blockchain analysis identified herein, but we make no formal recommendations on implementation for a variety of reasons. The ramifications following these improvements are also discussed in some detail. This research bulletin has not undergone peer review, and reflects only the results of internal investigation.
   mrl5: Ring Signature Confidential Transactions
   mrl5_abstract: This article introduces a method of hiding transaction amounts in the strongly decentralized anonymous cryptocurrency Monero. Similar to Bitcoin, Monero is a cryptocurrency which is distributed through a proof of work “mining” process. The original Monero protocol was based on CryptoNote, which uses ring signatures and one-time keys to hide the destination and origin of transactions. Recently the technique of using a commitment scheme to hide the amount of a transaction has been discussed and implemented by Bitcoin Core Developer Gregory Maxwell. In this article, a new type of ring signature, A Multi-layered Linkable Spontaneous Anonymous Group signature is described which allows for hidden amounts, origins and destinations of transactions with reasonable efficiency and verifiable, trustless coin generation. Some extensions of the protocol are provided, such as Aggregate Schnorr Range Proofs, and Ring Multisignature. The author would like to note that early drafts of this were publicized in the Monero Community and on the bitcoin research irc channel. Blockchain hashed drafts are available in [14] showing that this work was started in Summer 2015, and completed in early October 2015. An eprint is also available at http://eprint.iacr.org/2015/1098.
-  mrl6: Subadresses
+  mrl6: An Efficient Implementation of Monero Subadresses
   mrl6_abstract: Users of the Monero cryptocurrency who wish to reuse wallet addresses in an unlinkable way must maintain separate wallets, which necessitates scanning incoming transactions for each one. We document a new address scheme that allows a user to maintain a single master wallet address and generate an arbitary number of unlinkable subaddresses. Each transaction needs to be scanned only once to determine if it is destinated for any of the user’s subaddresses. The scheme additionally supports multiple outputs to other subaddresses, and is as efficient as traditional wallet transactions.
+  mrl7: Sets of Spent Outputs
+  mrl7_abstract: This technical note generalizes the concept of spend outputs using basic set theory. The definition captures a variety of earlier work on identifying such outputs. We quantify the effects of this analysis on the Monero blockchain and give a brief overview of mitigations.
+  mrl8: Dual Linkable Ring Signatures
+  mrl8_abstract: This bulletin describes a modification to Monero's linkable ring signature scheme that permits dual-key outputs as ring members. Key images are tied to both output one-time public keys in a dual, preventing both keys in that transaction from being spent separately. This method has applications to non-interactive refund transactions. We discuss the security implications of the scheme.
+  mrl9: Thring Signatures and their Applications to Spender-Ambiguous Digital Currencies
+  mrl9_abstract: We present threshold ring multi-signatures (\textit{thring signatures}) for collaborative computation of ring signatures, present a game of existential forgery for thring signatures, and discuss uses of thring signatures in digital currencies that include spender-ambiguous cross-chain atomic swaps for confidential amounts without a trusted setup. We present an implementation of thring signatures that we call linkable spontaneous threshold anonymous group signatures, and prove the implementation existentially unforgeable.
   cryptonote: Cryptonote Whitepapers
   cryptonote-whitepaper: Cryptonote Whitepaper
   cryptonote-whitepaper_para: This is the original cryptonote paper written by the cryptonote team. Reading it will give an understanding about how the cryptonote algorithm works in general.

_i18n/pl.yml

@@ -461,8 +461,14 @@ research-lab:
   mrl4_abstract: Zauważyliśmy, że wiele ataków w formie analizy łańcuchów bloków może zdegradować niewykrywalność protokołu CryptoNote 2.0. Analizujemy możliwe rozwiązania, dyskutujemy względne zalety i wady tych rozwiązań i sugerujemy ulepszenia w protokole Monero, które zapewnią długoterminową odporność kryptowaluty na analizy łańcucha bloków. Nasze zalecane ulepszenia Monero uwzględniają politykę minimalnego miksowania na poziomie protokołu w całej sieci z n=2 obcych wyjść na jeden podpis pierścieniowy, zwiększenie tej ilości do n=4 na poziomie protokołu po dwóch latach oraz tymczasową domyślną ilość n=4 na poziomie portfela. Zalecamy również metodę wysyłania wyjść Monero w stylu torrentów. Dyskutujemy także nad niejednolitą, zależną od wieku metodą wyboru miksowania w celu złagodzenia pozostałych form analizy łańcucha bloków tu opisanych, ale nie czynimy żadnych formalnych zaleceń ich wdrożenia z wielu powodów. Rozgałęzienia następujące w efekcie tych ulepszeń również są opisane w pewnym stopniu. Ten biuletyn badawczy nie uległ rewizji i jedynie odzwierciedla wyniki wewnętrznego dochodzenia.
   mrl5: Transakcje z Poufnym Podpisem Pierścieniowym
   mrl5_abstract: Ten artykuł wprowadza do metody ukrywania kwot transakcji w silnie zdecentralizowanej, anonimowej kryptowalucie Monero. Podobnie jak Bitcoin, Monero jest kryptowalutą rozprowadzaną za pomocą procesu wydobycia z dowodem pracy. Oryginalny protokół Monero został oparty na CryptoNote, który używa podpisów pierścieniowych oraz jednorazowych kluczy w celu ukrycia nadawcy i odbiorcy płatności. Ostatnio deweloper Centrum Bitcoina, Gregory Maxwell, omawiał oraz wdrożył technikę użycia zobowiązań bitowych, aby ukryć kwotę transakcji. Ten artykuł opisuje nowy rodzaj podpisu pierścieniowego - Wielowarstwowy Łączony Spontaniczny Anonimowy Podpis Grupowy, który umożliwia ukrycie kwot, nadawcy i odbiorcy przelewów z rozsądną wydajnością oraz weryfikowalną produkcją monet bez zaufania. Przytoczono niektóre rozszerzenia protokołu, takie jak Zagregowane Dowody Zasięgu Schnorra oraz Wielopodpisy Pierścieniowe. Autor pragnie zaznaczyć, że wczesne projekty tego artykułu zostały opublikowane w społeczności Monero oraz na kanale IRC dotyczącym badań nad Bitcoinem. Projekty haszowania łańcucha bloków są dostępne w [14] i dowodzą, że praca ta została rozpoczęta w lecie 2015 roku i skończona na początku października 2015 roku. E-print dostępny jest także na stronie http://eprint.iacr.org/2015/1098.
-  mrl6: Subadresses
+  mrl6: An Efficient Implementation of Monero Subadresses
   mrl6_abstract: Users of the Monero cryptocurrency who wish to reuse wallet addresses in an unlinkable way must maintain separate wallets, which necessitates scanning incoming transactions for each one. We document a new address scheme that allows a user to maintain a single master wallet address and generate an arbitary number of unlinkable subaddresses. Each transaction needs to be scanned only once to determine if it is destinated for any of the user’s subaddresses. The scheme additionally supports multiple outputs to other subaddresses, and is as efficient as traditional wallet transactions.
+  mrl7: Sets of Spent Outputs
+  mrl7_abstract: This technical note generalizes the concept of spend outputs using basic set theory. The definition captures a variety of earlier work on identifying such outputs. We quantify the effects of this analysis on the Monero blockchain and give a brief overview of mitigations.
+  mrl8: Dual Linkable Ring Signatures
+  mrl8_abstract: This bulletin describes a modification to Monero's linkable ring signature scheme that permits dual-key outputs as ring members. Key images are tied to both output one-time public keys in a dual, preventing both keys in that transaction from being spent separately. This method has applications to non-interactive refund transactions. We discuss the security implications of the scheme.
+  mrl9: Thring Signatures and their Applications to Spender-Ambiguous Digital Currencies
+  mrl9_abstract: We present threshold ring multi-signatures (\textit{thring signatures}) for collaborative computation of ring signatures, present a game of existential forgery for thring signatures, and discuss uses of thring signatures in digital currencies that include spender-ambiguous cross-chain atomic swaps for confidential amounts without a trusted setup. We present an implementation of thring signatures that we call linkable spontaneous threshold anonymous group signatures, and prove the implementation existentially unforgeable.
   cryptonote: Dokumenty oficjalne CryptoNote
   cryptonote-whitepaper: Oficjalne dokumenty CryptoNote
   cryptonote-whitepaper_para: Oficjalny dokument napisany przez zespół CryptoNote. Pozwala zrozumieć, jak ogólnie działa algorytm CryptoNote.

resources/research-lab/index.md

@@ -15,69 +15,115 @@ permalink: /resources/research-lab/index.html
                 <div class="row center-xs">
                     <div class="col"><h2>{% t research-lab.mrl_papers %}</h2></div>
                 </div>
+
                 <div class="tab">
-                    <input id="tab-one" type="checkbox" name="tabs" class="accordion" checked="checked">
-                    <label for="tab-one" class="accordion">MRL-0001: {% t research-lab.mrl1 %}</label>
+                    <input id="tab-9" type="checkbox" name="tabs" class="accordion">
+                    <label for="tab-9" class="accordion">MRL-0009: {% t research-lab.mrl9 %}</label>
                     <div class="tab-content">
-                        <p><strong>{% t research-lab.abstract %}:</strong> {% t research-lab.mrl1_abstract %}
+                        <p><strong>{% t research-lab.abstract %}:</strong> {% t research-lab.mrl9_abstract %}
                             <br>
                             <br>
-                            <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" href="https://lab.getmonero.org/pubs/MRL-0001.pdf">{% t research-lab.read-paper %}</a>
+                            <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" href="{{site.baseurl}}/resources/research-lab/pubs/MRL-0009.pdf">{% t research-lab.read-paper %}</a>
                         </p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
+
                 <div class="tab">
-                    <input id="tab-two" type="checkbox" name="tabs" class="accordion">
-                    <label for="tab-two" class="accordion">MRL-0002: {% t research-lab.mrl2 %}</label>
+                    <input id="tab-8" type="checkbox" name="tabs" class="accordion">
+                    <label for="tab-8" class="accordion">MRL-0008: {% t research-lab.mrl8 %}</label>
                     <div class="tab-content">
-                        <p><strong>{% t research-lab.abstract %}:</strong> {% t research-lab.mrl2_abstract %}
+                        <p><strong>{% t research-lab.abstract %}:</strong> {% t research-lab.mrl8_abstract %}
                             <br>
                             <br>
-                            <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" href="https://lab.getmonero.org/pubs/MRL-0002.pdf">{% t research-lab.read-paper %}</a>
+                            <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" href="{{site.baseurl}}/resources/research-lab/pubs/MRL-0008.pdf">{% t research-lab.read-paper %}</a>
                         </p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
+
                 <div class="tab">
-                    <input id="tab-three" type="checkbox" name="tabs" class="accordion">
-                    <label for="tab-three" class="accordion">MRL-0003: {% t research-lab.mrl3 %}</label>
+                    <input id="tab-7" type="checkbox" name="tabs" class="accordion">
+                    <label for="tab-7" class="accordion">MRL-0007: {% t research-lab.mrl7 %}</label>
                     <div class="tab-content">
-                        <p><strong>{% t research-lab.introduction %}:</strong> {% t research-lab.mrl3_abstract %}
+                        <p><strong>{% t research-lab.abstract %}:</strong> {% t research-lab.mrl7_abstract %}
                             <br>
                             <br>
-                            <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" href="https://lab.getmonero.org/pubs/MRL-0003.pdf">{% t research-lab.read-paper %}</a>
+                            <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" href="{{site.baseurl}}/resources/research-lab/pubs/MRL-0007.pdf">{% t research-lab.read-paper %}</a>
                         </p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
+
                 <div class="tab">
-                    <input id="tab-four" type="checkbox" name="tabs" class="accordion">
-                    <label for="tab-four" class="accordion">MRL-0004: {% t research-lab.mrl4 %}</label>
+                    <input id="tab-6" type="checkbox" name="tabs" class="accordion">
+                    <label for="tab-6" class="accordion">MRL-0006: {% t research-lab.mrl6 %}</label>
                     <div class="tab-content">
-                        <p><strong>{% t research-lab.abstract %}:</strong> {% t research-lab.mrl4_abstract %}
+                        <p><strong>{% t research-lab.abstract %}:</strong> {% t research-lab.mrl6_abstract %}
                             <br>
                             <br>
-                            <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" href="https://lab.getmonero.org/pubs/MRL-0004.pdf">{% t research-lab.read-paper %}</a></p>
+                            <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" href="{{site.baseurl}}/resources/research-lab/pubs/MRL-0006.pdf">{% t research-lab.read-paper %}</a>
+                        </p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
+
                 <div class="tab">
-                    <input id="tab-five" type="checkbox" name="tabs" class="accordion">
-                    <label for="tab-five" class="accordion">MRL-0005: {% t research-lab.mrl5 %}</label>
+                    <input id="tab-5" type="checkbox" name="tabs" class="accordion">
+                    <label for="tab-5" class="accordion">MRL-0005: {% t research-lab.mrl5 %}</label>
                     <div class="tab-content">
                         <p><strong>{% t research-lab.abstract %}:</strong> {% t research-lab.mrl5_abstract %}
                             <br>
                             <br>
-                            <a href="https://lab.getmonero.org/pubs/MRL-0005.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">{% t research-lab.read-paper %}</a></p>
+                            <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" href="{{site.baseurl}}/resources/research-lab/pubs/MRL-0005.pdf">{% t research-lab.read-paper %}</a>
+                        </p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
+
                 <div class="tab">
-                    <input id="tab-sixth" type="checkbox" name="tabs" class="accordion">
-                    <label for="tab-sixth" class="accordion">MRL-0006: {% t research-lab.mrl6 %}</label>
+                    <input id="tab-4" type="checkbox" name="tabs" class="accordion">
+                    <label for="tab-4" class="accordion">MRL-0004: {% t research-lab.mrl4 %}</label>
                     <div class="tab-content">
-                        <p><strong>{% t research-lab.abstract %}:</strong> {% t research-lab.mrl6_abstract %}
+                        <p><strong>{% t research-lab.abstract %}:</strong> {% t research-lab.mrl4_abstract %}
+                            <br>
+                            <br>
+                            <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" href="{{site.baseurl}}/resources/research-lab/pubs/MRL-0004.pdf">{% t research-lab.read-paper %}</a>
+                        </p>
+                    </div>
+                </div>
+
+                <div class="tab">
+                    <input id="tab-3" type="checkbox" name="tabs" class="accordion">
+                    <label for="tab-3" class="accordion">MRL-0003: {% t research-lab.mrl3 %}</label>
+                    <div class="tab-content">
+                        <p><strong>{% t research-lab.abstract %}:</strong> {% t research-lab.mrl3_abstract %}
                             <br>
                             <br>
-                            <a href="https://lab.getmonero.org/pubs/MRL-0006.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">{% t research-lab.read-paper %}</a></p>
+                            <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" href="{{site.baseurl}}/resources/research-lab/pubs/MRL-0003.pdf">{% t research-lab.read-paper %}</a>
+                        </p>
+                    </div>
+                </div>
+
+                <div class="tab">
+                    <input id="tab-2" type="checkbox" name="tabs" class="accordion">
+                    <label for="tab-2" class="accordion">MRL-0002: {% t research-lab.mrl2 %}</label>
+                    <div class="tab-content">
+                        <p><strong>{% t research-lab.abstract %}:</strong> {% t research-lab.mrl2_abstract %}
+                            <br>
+                            <br>
+                            <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" href="{{site.baseurl}}/resources/research-lab/pubs/MRL-0002.pdf">{% t research-lab.read-paper %}</a>
+                        </p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
+
+                <div class="tab">
+                    <input id="tab-1" type="checkbox" name="tabs" class="accordion">
+                    <label for="tab-1" class="accordion">MRL-0001: {% t research-lab.mrl1 %}</label>
+                    <div class="tab-content">
+                        <p><strong>{% t research-lab.abstract %}:</strong> {% t research-lab.mrl1_abstract %}
+                            <br>
+                            <br>
+                            <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" href="{{site.baseurl}}/resources/research-lab/pubs/MRL-0001.pdf">{% t research-lab.read-paper %}</a>
+                        </p>
+                    </div>
+                </div>
+
             </div>
         </div>
         <!-- end left two-thirds block-->